Although the presidential election in Poland is set to be held next year, one can feel how it is coming closer, influencing both Polish domestic politics and relations with Ukraine.

On 6 October, Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), one of Europe's most unstable states, held local elections. Although the elections were calm and didn't mark any major scandals, they were still notable.

Slovak Prime Minister Robert Fico lost his temper during a press conference on Tuesday when asked about internal issues within the ruling coalition.

The historic Ramstein meeting, the Ukraine Defence Contact Group, scheduled for 12 October, has been cancelled. The closed leader meeting, planned on the sidelines of the event, will not take place either.

The parliamentary election in Georgia is set to be held in less than three weeks with the decisive vote on 26 October.

According to Strategic Industries Minister Herman Smetanin, Ukraine’s defence industry has the potential to produce US$20 billion worth of goods, but it produced only US$3 billion worth last year.

The September elections in two states of East Germany, Thuringia and Saxony, brought the expected sensation.

What do countries as diverse as Slovakia, Austria, the Netherlands and France have in common? In all these EU states, populists won the most votes in recent parliamentary elections.

The last three months have been atypical for Lukashenko’s Belarus. For the first time since 2020, the regime has shown a willingness to be more constructive and has sent signals to Western capitals about its readiness to engage in political dialogue.

On 20 September, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen during her visit to Kyiv announced the allocation of €35 billion to Ukraine as part of a previously announced "reparations loan" backed by income from frozen Russian assets.

On 1 October, former Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte officially took over as NATO Secretary General.

It has been hard to ignore how Poland's rhetoric towards Ukraine has changed in the last months.

It looks like the Council of Europe is about to expel Azerbaijan.

Ahead of the decisive parliamentary election, Georgia’s ruling party, Georgian Dream, attempted to win back voters by focusing on the peaceful reintegration of the country.

Among the Western countries supporting Ukraine during the war, the so-called Nordic countries, Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Finland, hold a special position. Their support has a significant impact and seems substantial.